{"id":1981,"date":"2018-12-06T15:03:36","date_gmt":"2018-12-06T14:03:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/?post_type=avada_portfolio&#038;p=1981"},"modified":"2018-12-07T10:57:47","modified_gmt":"2018-12-07T09:57:47","slug":"western-white-bearded-wildebeest","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wildlife\/western-white-bearded-wildebeest\/","title":{"rendered":"Western White-Bearded Wildebeest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p><span class=\"fusion-dropcap dropcap\" style=\"color:#055A1C;\">P<\/span>erhaps no animal and phenomenon are as woven into the identity of the Serengeti as the wildebeest and <a href=\"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/great-migration\/\">the annual spectacle called the Great Migration<\/a>. In its ecological significance and sheer magnificence, the movement across Serengeti of more than a million wildebeest\u2014along with hundreds of thousands of zebras and Thomson\u2019s gazelles\u2014is like nothing else on the planet.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p>The western white-bearded wildebeest is a subspecies of the blue wildebeest, or brindled gnu. It is a large, bearded antelope with a deep chest, a short, thick neck, high shoulders, and thin legs. It has smooth, cow-like horns that are thicker and wider in males, a short, glossy, grey to dark brown coat with contrasting stripes, and a shaggy black mane and tail. Males can be as long as 2.4 metres from head to base of tail and weight up to 290 kilogrammes. Females have a lighter coat and are usually smaller.<\/p>\n<p>The name \u201cwildebeest\u201d is derived from the impressions of Dutch settlers who thought that the animal resembled wild cattle. The blue wildebeest includes both migratory and nonmigratory populations and is widespread in grassy plains and open woodlands in much of southern and eastern Africa. The western white-bearded subspecies is the smallest blue wildebeest and is specific to northern Tanzania and southern Kenya.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-tabs fusion-tabs-1 clean horizontal-tabs icon-position-left\"><style type=\"text\/css\">#wrapper .fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1.clean .nav-tabs li a.tab-link{border-color:#cccccc;}.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs li a.tab-link{background-color:#f0f0ed;}.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs li.active a.tab-link,.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs li.active a.tab-link:hover,.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs li.active a.tab-link:focus{background-color:#f2f2f2;}.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs li a:hover{background-color:#f2f2f2;border-top-color:#f2f2f2;}.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .tab-pane{background-color:#f2f2f2;}.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav,.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .nav-tabs,.fusion-tabs.fusion-tabs-1 .tab-content .tab-pane{border-color:#cccccc;}<\/style><div class=\"nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs nav-justified\" role=\"tablist\"><li class=\"active\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-7a24dd4725426c251d5\" aria-selected=\"true\" id=\"fusion-tab-iucnstatus:leastconcern\" href=\"#tab-7a24dd4725426c251d5\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\"><i class=\"fontawesome-icon fa fa-plus-circle\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size:13px;\"><\/i>IUCN STATUS: LEAST CONCERN<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-content\"><div class=\"nav fusion-mobile-tab-nav\"><ul class=\"nav-tabs nav-justified\"><li class=\"active\"><a class=\"tab-link\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"tab-7a24dd4725426c251d5\" aria-selected=\"true\" id=\"mobile-fusion-tab-iucnstatus:leastconcern\" href=\"#tab-7a24dd4725426c251d5\"><h4 class=\"fusion-tab-heading\"><i class=\"fontawesome-icon fa fa-plus-circle\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"font-size:13px;\"><\/i>IUCN STATUS: LEAST CONCERN<\/h4><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"tab-pane fade fusion-clearfix in active\" role=\"tabpanel\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-labelledby=\"fusion-tab-iucnstatus:leastconcern\" id=\"tab-7a24dd4725426c251d5\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/5229\/50185086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img class=\"alignleft wp-image-1213\" src=\"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/IUCN_Red_List.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"176\" height=\"164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/IUCN_Red_List-200x186.png 200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/IUCN_Red_List-300x279.png 300w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/IUCN_Red_List.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 176px) 100vw, 176px\" \/><\/a>The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is recognized as the most comprehensive, objective global approach for evaluating the conservation status of plant and animal species.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/5229\/50185086\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Get more scientific data about the black rhino from IUCN<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p>The dependence of wildebeest on green grass and a steady supply of water exclude the wildebeest from the northern, drier regions of Africa. It is also the basis of the <a href=\"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/great-migration\/\">great Serengeti migration<\/a>, as the wildebeest spend the early part of the year\u2014the wet season\u2014in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in the southern Serengeti and, following available food and water, move northwest in (roughly) March through May, and arrive in Kenya\u2019s Maasai Mara in late July or August. Except for a few small populations, the wildebeests in the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem are migratory. A closely related species, the black wildebeest, is more common in areas south of Tanzania and is nomadic rather than migratory.<\/p>\n<p>Wildebeest are social grazers, tending to congregate where there is ample food and water. Wildebeest graze day and night, but are most active in the morning and late afternoon. They are often found in large herds with plains zebras, which feed on the upper, less nutritious grass canopy, exposing the lower, greener material that are preferred by wildebeest. The hyper-alert zebras, as well as other nearby animals, provide further benefit to wildebeest communities by giving early warnings about the presence of predators around the grazing areas. The wildebeest is a ruminant like other antelope and cattle-like animals, with a specialised stomach that allows it to consume vegetation that other animals might find inedible.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-gallery-1 .fusion-gallery-image {border:0px solid #e2e2e2;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-gallery fusion-gallery-container fusion-grid-2 fusion-columns-total-4 fusion-gallery-layout-grid fusion-gallery-1\" style=\"margin:0px;\"><div style=\"padding:0px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-none\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1000\" alt=\"Wildebeest migration in the serengeti. \u00a9 Daniel Rosengren\" title=\"Wildebeest migration in the serengeti.\" aria-label=\"Wildebeest migration in the serengeti.\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1985\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized-200x125.jpg 200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized-400x250.jpg 400w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized-800x500.jpg 800w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized-1200x750.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wildebeest_resized.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 732px) 413px, (min-width: 640px) 732px, \" \/><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:0px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-none\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1000\" alt=\"Wildebeest in Serengeti. \u00a9 Daniel Rosengren\" title=\"Wildebeest in Serengeti\" aria-label=\"Wildebeest in Serengeti\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1995\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4-200x125.jpg 200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4-400x250.jpg 400w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4-800x500.jpg 800w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4-1200x750.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-4.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 732px) 413px, (min-width: 640px) 732px, \" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><div style=\"padding:0px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-none\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1000\" alt=\"\" title=\"wilde-3\" aria-label=\"wilde-3\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1996\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3-200x125.jpg 200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3-400x250.jpg 400w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3-800x500.jpg 800w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3-1200x750.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/wilde-3.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 732px) 413px, (min-width: 640px) 732px, \" \/><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:0px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-2 hover-type-none\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1000\" alt=\"Wildebeest during the Great Migration\" title=\"Wildebeest during the Great Migration\" aria-label=\"Wildebeest during the Great Migration\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-1060\" srcset=\"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest-200x125.jpg 200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest-400x250.jpg 400w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest-800x500.jpg 800w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest-1200x750.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/DSC2826_Wildebeest.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 732px) 413px, (min-width: 640px) 732px, \" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\" style=\"transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p>Wildebeest breed toward the end of the rainy season and produce offspring about 8 1\/2 months later\u2014around the beginning of the next rainy season. Females have one calf. Newborns can walk almost immediately after birth. Depending on environmental conditions, female offspring become fertile at 16 to 24 months. Males are sexually mature at about 2 years and are ready to assume territories at 4 to 5 years. Territorial bulls control mobile territories, holding onto cows and their young, while nursery herds move freely in and out. Young males forced out of such territories form bachelor herds that might include older and nonterritorial males. Wildebeest can live 20 years or longer in the wild<\/p>\n<p>The primary predators of wildebeest include hyenas, leopards, cheetahs, and crocodiles. However, the wildebeest is not easy prey. Adults have a maximum running speed of around 65 km\/h and are strong enough to injure even their largest predators. Predators focus on young and sick animals that they try to separate from the herd.<\/p>\n<p>While the wildebeest is not considered endangered, its numbers have fluctuated dramatically from natural cycles of drought and famine. <a href=\"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/challenges\/\">Human threats include land conversions, roads, fencing, and other barriers to migration.<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/poaching\/\">Poaching<\/a> takes a further toll, as does disease. While wildebeests are often suspected of passing disease to cattle, it is also true that farm animals pass disease onto wildebeests. The most notorious such incident was the rinderpest epidemic of the 1950s, which reduced the wildebeest population in Serengeti from 1.5 million to fewer than 300,000.<\/p>\n<\/div><style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;\"><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h2>Future Threats<\/h2><\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\" style=\"transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p>The Serengeti-Mara ecosystem is home to 70 percent of blue wildebeests. Serengeti is critical for the wildebeest\u2014and the wildebeest is critical for Serengeti. Tourism related to the Great Migration is essential to the economies of Tanzania and Kenya and essential for maintaining public support for the park. The abundant numbers of wildebeests\u2014a result of their ability to access food resources unavailable to nonmigratory species\u2014helps sustain a healthy population of predators and scavengers in Serengeti, while reducing predation pressures on vulnerable animals such as giraffes. Further ecosystem benefits include the grazing activities of wildebeests, which stimulates the productivity of grasslands and further assures the rich biodiversity of Serengeti.<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps the most existential threat to the wildebeest is the prospect of a changing climate. Changes in temperature and seasonal rainfall could alter vegetation patterns and available food resources. This could affect the timing of migrations and possibly steer migrating herds away from protected areas and into more constant conflict with human settlements. The implications of this for wildebeests\u2014and the health of the entire Serengeti ecosystem\u2014are profound.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1987,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"portfolio_category":[53],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1981"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/avada_portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1981"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1999,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/1981\/revisions\/1999"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"portfolio_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_category?post=1981"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_skills","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_skills?post=1981"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/neu.serengeti.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_tags?post=1981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}